More than half of Tesla's vehicles come with lithium iron phosphate batteries!
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2022/06/15 16:47:02
On April 25, Drew Baglino, Tesla's senior vice president of engineering, said that half of tesla's vehicles will now ship with lithium iron phosphate batteries.
This echoed tesla CEO Elon Musk's statement during the company's July 2021 financial reporting conference. At the time, Musk said Tesla would move to lithium iron phosphate batteries in the future. In terms of battery composition, two-thirds of Tesla cars in the future will run on lithium iron phosphate, and one-third will likely run on nickel batteries.
Tesla's changes are actually following market trends. In the Chinese market, according to the statistics of China Automotive Power Battery Industry Innovation Alliance, the proportion of lithium iron phosphate batteries in the installed power battery in China has increased from 38% in 2020 to 52% in 2021, and the installed capacity of lithium iron phosphate batteries has exceeded terpolymer batteries.
LFP batteries are included in tesla's standard Model 3 and Model Y models at its Shanghai plant, and production will soon expand to its Fremont, Calif., plant. In fact, Tesla may be planning to build a dedicated factory for lithium iron phosphate batteries closer to home in the US, and may have been exploring a Chinese manufacturer mission.
Looking to the future, the total output of lithium iron phosphate materials in China will lead ternary materials in 2021. Considering the capacity expansion schedule of the enterprise, it is estimated that the annual compound growth rate of lithium iron phosphate capacity from 2022 to 2025 is also superior to that of ternary materials.
Lithium iron phosphate battery has a cost-effective advantage. As technology continues to advance, lithium iron phosphate batteries are expected to account for more than 60% of the global power battery market by 2024.
In fact, vehicle power batteries are only one aspect of the lithium iron phosphate battery application scenario. Lithium iron phosphate batteries are also promising in non-power batteries:
In terms of energy storage in 5G base stations, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology said in August 2020 that promoting the use of lithium iron phosphate energy storage batteries in communication base stations is of positive significance to promoting the green and high-quality development of the communication industry. The dominant position of lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery in 5G base station energy storage application has been officially confirmed.
In terms of network coverage, by the end of 2021, China had completed and opened 1.425 million 5G base stations, the world's largest 5G network, covering all prefecture-level urban areas, more than 98 percent of county towns and 80 percent of towns and townships. China has more than 60 percent of the world's 5G base stations, with 10.1 5G base stations per 10,000 people, nearly double the figure at the end of last year. Gigabit fiber-optic broadband networks have been launched in more than 300 cities. China is expected to have more than 7 million 5G base stations by 2025. LFP material needs about 35,000 tons.
In terms of energy storage at new energy generating end, pumping energy storage is the most important energy storage technology from the perspective of existing energy storage projects in China. In China, pumped energy storage accounts for 91.6% of total energy storage projects, while electrochemical energy storage only accounts for 6.8% of the installed scale of existing energy storage projects, of which about 85% are lithium batteries.
At present, most of the power side energy storage projects that have been put into operation in China use lithium iron phosphate energy storage batteries. Considering the economy of lithium iron phosphate batteries, it is expected that lithium iron phosphate batteries will continue to be the main direction of energy storage batteries in China in the future. In 2021, the newly installed capacity of electrochemical energy storage will be 2.5/3.4GW, and it is expected that the cumulative installed capacity will reach 35.52/55.88GW in 2025. In addition, in 2025, the demand for electrochemical energy storage will increase by 130-23.1 Gwh, corresponding to the demand for lithium iron phosphate materials of 3.00-54,000 tons.
In terms of lead acid market replacement, the energy density of lithium iron phosphate batteries can reach 4 times that of lead acid batteries, the cycle life is also 3-4 times that of lead acid batteries, and the energy conversion efficiency can reach 97%. Previously, the biggest advantage of lead-acid batteries was their low cost, but now the price of lithium iron phosphate batteries is close to that of lead-acid batteries. Considering the cost of single cycle, lithium iron phosphate battery is less than 1/3 of lead acid battery, so it is an inevitable trend to replace lead acid battery.
In 2020, China's lead acid battery output was 227.36gWh, corresponding to more than 130 billion replacement space. About 33% of that is for light power batteries, mainly for electric two-wheelers. In 2020, the average price of lithium battery is less than 0.6 yuan /Wh, and the price of lead-acid battery is 0.3-0.4 yuan /Wh. However, lithium battery is obviously superior to lead acid battery in energy density, service life, mass volume and other aspects, so the market penetration rate is rapidly increasing. In 2020, the production of lithium electric two-wheelers in China reached 11.36 million units, with the overall penetration rate reaching 23.5 percent, up 84.7 percent year-on-year.
The market penetration rate of lithium-ion electric two-wheelers is expected to approach 60% by 2025. With the rapid growth of production of lithium electric two-wheeled vehicles, the shipment of lithium batteries for electric two-wheeled vehicles also increased significantly. Statistics show that shipments of lithium batteries for electric two-wheelers in China reached 10.7Gwh in 2020, up 91.1 percent year on year. The lithium battery demand for electric two-wheelers is expected to reach 45.9GWh by 2025.
Eastchem's main products: electron-grade N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT).
N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) belongs to nitrogen heterocyclic compound, is a non-toxic, high boiling point, strong polarity, low viscosity, small corrosion, large solubility, low volatility, good stability, easy recovery of highly selective solvent. It is a very important auxiliary material in the production of lithium ion battery, generally used as a positive electrode coating solvent, or as a lithium battery conductive slurry solvent.
Single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) is a new conductive agent for lithium ion batteries. It can reduce the internal resistance of electrodes, improve the circulation at room temperature and high temperature, improve the energy density, and provide excellent conductivity for lithium ion batteries.
Disclaimer: The views expressed are those of the author and do not represent the views of The website OFweek.
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