Dealing with the enemy of lithium battery safety: Dendrites
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2020/10/27 10:23:01
As we all know, batteries are divided into positive electrode, negative electrode and electrolyte. Current is generated through REDOX reaction. Ions flow from the negative electrode to the positive electrode when discharging and from the positive electrode to the negative electrode when charging.
In a lithium battery, the lithium is oxidized to ions as it is discharged into the electrolyte and eventually to the positive electrode;When recharged, the lithium ions deposit onto the surface of the metal's negative electrode.
But the deposition is often uneven, and with the frequent use of lithium batteries, the metal grows needle-like or dendritic dendrites.If the dendrites grow too long, they will break off and no longer participate in the reaction, which will bring irreversible capacity loss to the battery system.The most dangerous thing is that the grown dendrite will Pierce the diaphragm between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, causing a short circuit and potentially causing the battery to overheat and spontaneously ignite or explode.
How to have your cake and eat it too?How to realize the energy storage process with higher energy density, safer and faster charging by proposing new principles, new systems and new methods?These are all future challenges in the field of lithium.
In this situation, lithium sulfur battery, lithium air battery, sodium ion battery and many other new system battery emerged.The continuous production of new materials also brings new opportunities to the development of these new systems.
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